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Zoharei Chama Synagogue ((ヘブライ語:בית המדרש זהרי חמה), literally, "Sunrise Synagogue"〔), also spelled Zohorei Chama, colloquially known as the Sundial Building or the Mahane Yehuda Clock Tower, is a four-story building on Jaffa Road in Jerusalem, Israel, which features a huge, diameter sundial on its façade. The building, constructed in stages by Rabbi Shmuel Levy from 1908–1917,〔 was built to house a hostel for immigrants and a synagogue. It was damaged by fire in 1941 and partly restored by the Jerusalem municipality in 1980. Today it still houses the Zoharei Chama Orthodox synagogue, which has prayer services throughout the day for local businessmen, residents and tourists.〔 The sundial is still accurate to within 15 minutes. ==History== The tall, narrow building, which towers over the neighboring structures, was constructed by Rabbi Shmuel Levy, an American tailor who immigrated to Israel from the United States at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1906 he purchased a one-story house on Jaffa Road opposite the Mahane Yehuda Market, with the intention of adding to it in stages and providing rooms for immigrants as a public service.〔 He raised money for the construction in America〔 by selling lottery tickets for 20 francs apiece, awarding two grand prizes of 2,000 francs each and other prizes of 1,000, 500, 100, 50, and 20 francs. The tickets depicted the planned four-story building with a fifth-story gallery, together with pictures of the Four Holy Cities in Jewish tradition—Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias and Safed—and a written description of Levy's goals to build a synagogue, study hall and hostel.〔 Completed in stages from 1908–1917,〔 Levy's four-story building with a fifth-story wooden gallery was the tallest in Jerusalem in its time. After construction was complete, Levy consecrated the bottom floor as the Zoharei Chama (Sunrise) Synagogue for worshippers who prayed at sunrise (''vasikin'')〔 and also provided a beth midrash called Shoneh Halakhos (literally, "Review of Jewish Laws").〔Metal dedication plaque above sundial.〕 The Tiferet Zion V'yerushalayim (Glory of Zion and Jerusalem) Hostel on the upper floors accommodated 50 guests.〔 The large sundial was added later to the fourth-story façade.〔 In 1927 the fifth-floor gallery collapsed during an earthquake.〔 In 1941, an electrical short circuit ignited a fire that spread throughout the building, destroying the gallery and damaging the rest of the building〔 together with the sundial and clocks. In 1980 the Jerusalem municipality〔 restored the façade and reconstructed the sundial.〔 The Zoharei Chama Synagogue is now the only tenant, with afternoon prayer services held one after another on the first floor and continuous evening prayer services conducted on the second floor. Women are not allowed in the synagogue. The building also has a "Shabbat siren" posted on its roof, which alerts residents to the time of lighting Shabbat candles.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zoharei Chama Synagogue」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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